Pemanfaatan Biochar Tempurung Kelapa terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kailan (Brassica oleracea L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/bip.v8i3.53715Keywords:
Biochar tempurung kelapa, kailan, pupuk NPKAbstract
Kailan (Brassica oleracea L.) merupakan sayuran daun bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang banyak dibudidayakan. Namun, produktivitasnya sering terhambat oleh penurunan kualitas tanah akibat penggunaan pupuk sintesis secara berlebihan. Biochar sebagai bahan organik hasil pirolisis biomassa, berpotensi memperbaiki sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam sistem budidaya berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian biochar tempurung kelapa yang dikombinasikan dengan 50% pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kailan, serta menentukan dosis biochar yang optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2024 menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P0 (100% NPK), P1 (50% NPK + 120 g biochar), P2 (50% NPK + 240 g), P3 (50% NPK + 360 g), dan P4 (50% NPK + 480 g) per polybag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan 50% NPK + 120 g biochar memberikan hasil terbaik pada tinggi tanaman (27,41 cm), jumlah daun (8,87 helai), panjang akar (11,63 cm), dan bobot basah (32,87 g), serta estimasi produksi 3,65 ton/ha. Sementara itu, peningkatan dosis biochar di atas 240 g tidak memberikan hasil lebih tinggi. Kesimpulannya, kombinasi 50% pupuk NPK dan 120 g biochar tempurung kelapa merupakan perlakuan paling efisien dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kailan serta mendukung praktik pertanian berkelanjutan.
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