Pengaruh Biochar Kulit Kopi dan Abu Vulkanis terhadap Ketersediaan Fosfor dan Nitrogen pada Entisol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19184/bip.v8i4.53733Keywords:
abu vulkanis, amelioran, biochar kulit kopi, Entisol, sifat kimia tanahAbstract
Entisol merupakan tanah muda dengan tingkat kesuburan rendah akibat terbatasnya bahan organik dan unsur hara esensial seperti nitrogen (N) dan fosfor (P). Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pengaruh penambahan biochar kulit kopi dan abu vulkanis terhadap beberapa sifat kimia Entisol, khususnya ketersediaan P dan N. Percobaan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan: tanah tanpa perlakuan (K), tanah + abu vulkanis 5 t ha⁻¹ (A), dan tanah + biochar kulit kopi 5 t ha⁻¹ (B). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa abu vulkanis meningkatkan pH tanah paling tinggi (hingga 7,4) dan memberikan peningkatan terbesar terhadap P-tersedia sebesar 0,39% (Olsen) dan 143,5% (Mehlich). Sebaliknya, biochar kulit kopi memberikan peningkatan lebih besar pada C-organik (11,63%), N-total (50%), dan KTK (13,60%) dibanding abu vulkanis yang masing-masing hanya naik 2,32% dan 6,36%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa abu vulkanis lebih efektif meningkatkan pH dan P-tersedia, sedangkan biochar kulit kopi lebih unggul dalam memperbaiki C-organik, N-total, dan KTK tanah. Ameliorasi dengan biochar kulit kopi dan abu vulkanis dapat menjadi strategi efektif untuk memperbaiki kualitas dan kesuburan Entisol, meskipun efek kumulatifnya membutuhkan waktu serta tambahan sumber bahan organik lainnya untuk hasil yang lebih optimal. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi dampak kumulatif dan jangka panjang dari perlakuan ini pada berbagai kondisi tanah dan iklim.
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